There're two types of diabetes mellitus, namely type 1 and 2. Type 1 is insulin-dependent diabetes and usually appears in children up to adolescents aged less than 30 years. Type 2 is diabetes not dependent on insulin and appears after the age of 40 years.
The cause of diabetes mellitus is the disruption of the supply of the insulin. In type 1, the supply of the insulin is disrupted by damage to the pancreas. In type 2, the body doesn't respond to insulin appropriately due to an unbalanced diet, overweight, lack of exercise and heredity.
The symptoms are incredible thirst, frequent urination, outstanding hunger, losing weight, weakness and tiredness, blurred vision, recurrent infections, unhealed wounds, touchiness, itchingly dry skin, and tingling feet and hands.
You know diabetes with blood, urine tests. You'd fast for a minimum of eight hours before the test. Blood sugar during fasting is 80 to 110 mg/dl. Blood sugar two hours after fasting is 110 to 160 mg/dl.
The complications are hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, nerve damage, infection, and kidney, hearing, coronary heart and sexual disorders.
After seeing a doctor, you can do the following things to control blood sugar: exercising to improve metabolism and insulin action, paying attention to diet, reducing weight to normal limits and avoiding stress.
Measure the sugar in blood and urine regularly. The doctor will determine your blood sugar limit. When you're making dietary changes, exercise and weight loss, but the sugar remains high, the doctor will give antidiabetic drugs. Injecting insulin is done in diabetes mellitus type 1, also in type 2 if antidiabetic drugs is ineffective.
High sugar can lead to gangrene on foot. Gangrene not getting serious treatment can result in amputation. To avoid this, do the following:
- Examine your feet every day if there're injuries. If there're wounds, treat immediately to completion.
- Use comfortable shoes to avoid injury.
- To avoid bacteria and fungi on the feet, soap legs every time you take a shower. Dry them completely.
- Don't treat eyelets or warts by yourself. Ask your doctor.
- Do exercise to improve blood circulation.
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